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Initial import into git!

int pregit
lericson 2009-07-27 16:10:43 +02:00
commit 4e68248105
10 changed files with 1508 additions and 0 deletions
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5
.gitignore vendored 100644
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*.pyc
*.pyo
build/*
dist/*
MANIFEST

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LICENSE 100644
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Copyright (c) 2008, Ludvig Ericson
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- Neither the name of the author nor the names of the contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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MANIFEST.in 100644
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include LICENSE MANIFEST _pylibmcmodule.c _pylibmcmodule.h pylibmc.py setup.py
include tests.py benchmark.py MANIFEST.in

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TODO 100644
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- double-check all INCREF and DECREFs
- make a get_stats function
- handle boolean values
- add servers after object creation (also related: set_servers)

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_pylibmcmodule.c 100644
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/**
* _pylibmc: hand-made libmemcached bindings for Python
*
* Copyright (c) 2008, Ludvig Ericson
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of the author nor the names of the contributors may be
* used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "_pylibmcmodule.h"
/* {{{ _pylibmc.client implementation */
/* {{{ Type methods */
static PylibMC_Client *PylibMC_ClientType_new(PyTypeObject *type,
PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds) {
PylibMC_Client *self;
self = (PylibMC_Client *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
if (self != NULL) {
self->mc = memcached_create(NULL);
} else {
args = kwds = NULL;
}
return self;
}
static void PylibMC_ClientType_dealloc(PylibMC_Client *self) {
memcached_free(self->mc);
}
/* }}} */
static int PylibMC_Client_init(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
PyObject *srv_list, *srv_list_it;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &srv_list)) {
return -1;
} else {
kwds = NULL;
}
if ((srv_list_it = PyObject_GetIter(srv_list)) != NULL) {
PyObject *c_srv;
while ((c_srv = PyIter_Next(srv_list_it)) != NULL
&& !PyErr_Occurred()) {
unsigned char stype;
char *hostname;
unsigned short int port;
port = 0;
if (PyString_Check(c_srv)) {
memcached_server_st *list;
list = memcached_servers_parse(PyString_AS_STRING(c_srv));
if (list != NULL) {
memcached_return rc;
rc = memcached_server_push(self->mc, list);
if (rc != MEMCACHED_SUCCESS) {
PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self,
"memcached_server_push", rc);
}
free(list);
} else {
PyErr_SetString(PylibMCExc_MemcachedError,
"memcached_servers_parse returned NULL");
}
} else if (PyArg_ParseTuple(c_srv, "Bs|H",
&stype, &hostname, &port)) {
switch (stype) {
case PYLIBMC_SERVER_TCP:
memcached_server_add(self->mc, hostname, port);
break;
case PYLIBMC_SERVER_UDP:
memcached_server_add_udp(self->mc, hostname, port);
break;
case PYLIBMC_SERVER_UNIX:
if (port) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
"can't set port on unix sockets");
} else {
memcached_server_add_unix_socket(
self->mc, hostname);
}
break;
default:
PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
"bad server type: %u", stype);
}
}
Py_DECREF(c_srv);
}
Py_DECREF(srv_list_it);
}
return PyErr_Occurred() ? -1 : 0;
}
static PyObject *_PylibMC_parse_memcached_value(char *value, size_t size,
uint32_t flags) {
PyObject *retval;
retval = NULL;
switch (flags) {
case PYLIBMC_FLAG_PICKLE:
retval = _PylibMC_Unpickle(value, size);
break;
case PYLIBMC_FLAG_INTEGER:
case PYLIBMC_FLAG_LONG:
retval = PyInt_FromString(value, NULL, 10);
break;
case PYLIBMC_FLAG_NONE:
retval = PyString_FromStringAndSize(value, (Py_ssize_t)size);
break;
default:
PyErr_Format(PylibMCExc_MemcachedError,
"unknown memcached key flags %u", flags);
}
return retval;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *arg) {
char *mc_val;
size_t val_size;
uint32_t flags;
memcached_return error;
if (!_PylibMC_CheckKey(arg)) {
return NULL;
} else if (!PySequence_Length(arg) ) {
/* Others do this, so... */
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
mc_val = memcached_get(self->mc,
PyString_AS_STRING(arg), PyString_GET_SIZE(arg),
&val_size, &flags, &error);
if (mc_val != NULL) {
PyObject *r = _PylibMC_parse_memcached_value(mc_val, val_size, flags);
free(mc_val);
return r;
}
if (error == MEMCACHED_NOTFOUND) {
/* Since python-memcache returns None when the key doesn't exist,
* so shall we. */
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
return PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self, "memcached_get", error);
}
/* {{{ Set commands (set, replace, add, prepend, append) */
static PyObject *_PylibMC_RunSetCommand(PylibMC_Client *self,
_PylibMC_SetCommand f, char *fname, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
char *key;
int key_len;
PyObject *val, *retval;
unsigned int time;
static char *kws[] = { "key", "val", "time", NULL };
retval = NULL;
time = 0;
if (PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "s#O|I", kws,
&key, &key_len, &val, &time)) {
PyObject *store_val = NULL;
uint32_t store_flags = 0;
if (!_PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(key, key_len)) {
/* Let store_val be NULL, thus triggering an error. */
} else if (PyString_Check(val)) {
store_val = val;
Py_INCREF(store_val);
} else if (PyInt_Check(val)) {
store_flags |= PYLIBMC_FLAG_INTEGER;
store_val = PyObject_Str(PyNumber_Int(val));
} else if (PyLong_Check(val)) {
store_flags |= PYLIBMC_FLAG_LONG;
store_val = PyObject_Str(PyNumber_Long(val));
} else {
Py_INCREF(val);
store_flags |= PYLIBMC_FLAG_PICKLE;
store_val = _PylibMC_Pickle(val);
Py_DECREF(val);
}
if (store_val != NULL) {
memcached_return rc;
const char *raw_val;
size_t raw_val_len;
raw_val = PyString_AS_STRING(store_val);
raw_val_len = PyString_GET_SIZE(store_val);
Py_DECREF(store_val);
rc = f(self->mc, key, key_len, raw_val, raw_val_len, time,
store_flags);
switch (rc) {
case MEMCACHED_SUCCESS:
retval = Py_True;
break;
case MEMCACHED_FAILURE:
case MEMCACHED_NO_KEY_PROVIDED:
case MEMCACHED_BAD_KEY_PROVIDED:
case MEMCACHED_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_FAILURE:
case MEMCACHED_NOTSTORED:
retval = Py_False;
break;
default:
PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self, fname, rc);
}
}
}
Py_XINCREF(retval);
return retval;
}
/* These all just call _PylibMC_RunSetCommand with the appropriate arguments.
* In other words: bulk. */
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
return _PylibMC_RunSetCommand(
self, memcached_set, "memcached_set", args, kwds);
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_replace(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
return _PylibMC_RunSetCommand(
self, memcached_replace, "memcached_replace", args, kwds);
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_add(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
return _PylibMC_RunSetCommand(
self, memcached_add, "memcached_add", args, kwds);
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_prepend(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
return _PylibMC_RunSetCommand(
self, memcached_prepend, "memcached_prepend", args, kwds);
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_append(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
return _PylibMC_RunSetCommand(
self, memcached_append, "memcached_append", args, kwds);
}
/* }}} */
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_delete(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args) {
PyObject *retval;
char *key;
int key_len;
unsigned int time;
memcached_return rc;
retval = NULL;
time = 0;
if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#|I", &key, &key_len, &time)
&& _PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(key, key_len)) {
switch (rc = memcached_delete(self->mc, key, key_len, time)) {
case MEMCACHED_SUCCESS:
Py_RETURN_TRUE;
break;
case MEMCACHED_FAILURE:
case MEMCACHED_NOTFOUND:
case MEMCACHED_NO_KEY_PROVIDED:
case MEMCACHED_BAD_KEY_PROVIDED:
Py_RETURN_FALSE;
break;
default:
return PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self, "memcached_delete", rc);
}
}
return NULL;
}
/* {{{ Increment & decrement */
static PyObject *_PylibMC_IncDec(PylibMC_Client *self, uint8_t dir,
PyObject *args) {
PyObject *retval;
char *key;
int key_len;
unsigned int delta;
uint64_t result;
retval = NULL;
delta = 1;
if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#|I", &key, &key_len, &delta)
&& _PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(key, key_len)) {
memcached_return (*incdec)(memcached_st *, const char *, size_t,
unsigned int, uint64_t *);
incdec = (dir == PYLIBMC_INC) ? memcached_increment
: memcached_decrement;
incdec(self->mc, key, key_len, delta, &result);
retval = PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long)result);
}
return retval;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_incr(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args) {
return _PylibMC_IncDec(self, PYLIBMC_INC, args);
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_decr(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args) {
return _PylibMC_IncDec(self, PYLIBMC_DEC, args);
}
/* }}} */
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get_multi(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
PyObject *key_seq, **key_objs, *retval = NULL;
char **keys, *prefix = NULL;
unsigned int prefix_len = 0;
size_t *key_lens;
Py_ssize_t nkeys;
memcached_return rc;
char curr_key[MEMCACHED_MAX_KEY];
size_t curr_key_len, curr_val_len;
uint32_t curr_flags;
static char *kws[] = { "keys", "key_prefix", NULL };
if (PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O|s#", kws,
&key_seq, &prefix, &prefix_len)) {
PyObject *key_it, *ckey;
Py_ssize_t i;
/* First clear any potential earlier mishap because we rely on it in
* our iteration over keys. */
PyErr_Clear();
/* Populate keys and key_lens. */
nkeys = PySequence_Length(key_seq);
keys = malloc(sizeof(char *) * nkeys);
key_lens = malloc(sizeof(size_t) * nkeys);
key_objs = malloc(sizeof(PyObject *) * nkeys);
if (keys == NULL || key_lens == NULL || key_objs == NULL) {
free(keys);
free(key_lens);
free(key_objs);
return PyErr_NoMemory();
}
/* Iterate through all keys and set lengths etc. */
i = 0;
key_it = PyObject_GetIter(key_seq);
while (!PyErr_Occurred()
&& i < nkeys
&& (ckey = PyIter_Next(key_it)) != NULL) {
PyObject *rkey;
if (!_PylibMC_CheckKey(ckey)) {
break;
} else {
key_lens[i] = PyString_GET_SIZE(ckey) + prefix_len;
if (prefix != NULL) {
rkey = PyString_FromFormat("%s%s",
prefix, PyString_AS_STRING(ckey));
Py_DECREF(ckey);
} else {
rkey = ckey;
}
keys[i] = PyString_AS_STRING(rkey);
key_objs[i++] = rkey;
}
}
Py_DECREF(key_it);
if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
free(key_lens);
free(keys);
nkeys = i;
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++)
Py_DECREF(key_objs[i]);
free(key_objs);
return NULL;
}
/* TODO Change this interface or at least provide an alternative that
* returns some kind of iterable which fetches keys sequentially
* instead of doing it all at once. The current way is grossly
* inefficient for larger datasets, as a dict has to be allocated that
* is large enough to hold all the data at once.
*/
retval = PyDict_New();
if ((rc = memcached_mget(self->mc, keys, key_lens, nkeys))
== MEMCACHED_SUCCESS) {
char *curr_val;
while ((curr_val = memcached_fetch(
self->mc, curr_key, &curr_key_len, &curr_val_len,
&curr_flags, &rc)) != NULL
&& !PyErr_Occurred()) {
if (curr_val == NULL && rc == MEMCACHED_END) {
break;
} else if (rc == MEMCACHED_BAD_KEY_PROVIDED
|| rc == MEMCACHED_NO_KEY_PROVIDED) {
/* Do nothing at all. :-) */
} else if (rc != MEMCACHED_SUCCESS) {
Py_DECREF(retval);
retval = PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(
self, "memcached_fetch", rc);
} else {
PyObject *val;
/* This is safe because libmemcached's max key length
* includes space for a NUL-byte. */
curr_key[curr_key_len] = 0;
val = _PylibMC_parse_memcached_value(
curr_val, curr_val_len, curr_flags);
PyDict_SetItemString(retval, curr_key + prefix_len, val);
Py_DECREF(val);
}
free(curr_val);
}
/* Need to cleanup. */
if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
/* Not checking rc because an exception already occured, and
* we wouldn't want to mask it. */
memcached_quit(self->mc);
}
} else {
retval = PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self, "memcached_mget", rc);
}
free(key_lens);
free(keys);
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++)
Py_DECREF(key_objs[i]);
free(key_objs);
}
/* Not INCREFing because the only two outcomes are NULL and a new dict.
* We're the owner of that dict already, so. */
return retval;
}
/**
* Run func over every item in value, building arguments of:
* *(item + extra_args)
*/
static PyObject *_PylibMC_DoMulti(PyObject *values, PyObject *func,
PyObject *prefix, PyObject *extra_args) {
PyObject *retval = PyList_New(0);
PyObject *iter = NULL;
PyObject *item = NULL;
int is_mapping = PyMapping_Check(values);
if (retval == NULL)
goto error;
if ((iter = PyObject_GetIter(values)) == NULL)
goto error;
while ((item = PyIter_Next(iter)) != NULL) {
PyObject *args_f = NULL;
PyObject *args = NULL;
PyObject *key = NULL;
PyObject *ro = NULL;
/* Calculate key. */
if (prefix == NULL || prefix == Py_None) {
/* We now have two owned references to item. */
key = item;
Py_INCREF(key);
} else {
key = PySequence_Concat(prefix, item);
}
if (key == NULL || !_PylibMC_CheckKey(key))
goto iter_error;
/* Calculate args. */
if (is_mapping) {
PyObject *value;
char *key_str = PyString_AS_STRING(item);
if ((value = PyMapping_GetItemString(values, key_str)) == NULL)
goto iter_error;
args = PyTuple_Pack(2, key, value);
} else {
args = PyTuple_Pack(1, key);
}
if (args == NULL)
goto iter_error;
/* Calculate full argument tuple. */
if (extra_args == NULL) {
Py_INCREF(args);
args_f = args;
} else {
if ((args_f = PySequence_Concat(args, extra_args)) == NULL)
goto iter_error;
}
/* Call stuff. */
ro = PyObject_CallObject(func, args_f);
/* This is actually safe even if True got deleted because we're
* only comparing addresses. */
Py_XDECREF(ro);
if (ro == NULL) {
goto iter_error;
} else if (ro != Py_True) {
if (PyList_Append(retval, item) != 0)
goto iter_error;
}
Py_DECREF(args_f);
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(key);
Py_DECREF(item);
continue;
iter_error:
Py_XDECREF(args_f);
Py_XDECREF(args);
Py_XDECREF(key);
Py_DECREF(item);
goto error;
}
Py_DECREF(iter);
return retval;
error:
Py_XDECREF(retval);
Py_XDECREF(iter);
return NULL;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set_multi(PylibMC_Client *self, PyObject *args,
PyObject *kwds) {
PyObject *prefix = NULL;
PyObject *time = NULL;
PyObject *set = NULL;
PyObject *map;
PyObject *call_args;
PyObject *retval;
static char *kws[] = { "mapping", "time", "key_prefix", NULL };
if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O|O!S", kws,
&map, &PyInt_Type, &time, &prefix))
return NULL;
if ((set = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)self, "set")) == NULL)
return NULL;
if (time == NULL) {
retval = _PylibMC_DoMulti(map, set, prefix, NULL);
} else {
if ((call_args = PyTuple_Pack(1, time)) == NULL)
goto error;
retval = _PylibMC_DoMulti(map, set, prefix, call_args);
Py_DECREF(call_args);
}
Py_DECREF(set);
return retval;
error:
Py_XDECREF(set);
return NULL;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_delete_multi(PylibMC_Client *self,
PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds) {
PyObject *prefix = NULL;
PyObject *time = NULL;
PyObject *delete;
PyObject *keys;
PyObject *call_args;
PyObject *retval;
static char *kws[] = { "keys", "time", "key_prefix", NULL };
if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O|O!S", kws,
&keys, &PyInt_Type, &time, &prefix))
return NULL;
if ((delete = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)self, "delete")) == NULL)
return NULL;
if (time == NULL) {
retval = _PylibMC_DoMulti(keys, delete, prefix, NULL);
} else {
if ((call_args = PyTuple_Pack(1, time)) == NULL)
goto error;
retval = _PylibMC_DoMulti(keys, delete, prefix, call_args);
Py_DECREF(call_args);
}
Py_DECREF(delete);
return retval;
error:
Py_XDECREF(delete);
return NULL;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get_behaviors(PylibMC_Client *self) {
PyObject *retval = PyDict_New();
PylibMC_Behavior *b;
for (b = PylibMC_behaviors; b->name != NULL; b++) {
uint64_t bval = memcached_behavior_get(self->mc, b->flag);
PyObject *x = PyInt_FromLong(bval);
if (x == NULL || PyDict_SetItemString(retval, b->name, x)) {
goto error;
}
Py_DECREF(x);
}
return retval;
error:
Py_XDECREF(retval);
return NULL;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set_behaviors(PylibMC_Client *self,
PyObject *behaviors) {
PylibMC_Behavior *b;
for (b = PylibMC_behaviors; b->name != NULL; b++) {
if (PyMapping_HasKeyString(behaviors, b->name)) {
PyObject *v = PyMapping_GetItemString(behaviors, b->name);
memcached_return r;
if (!PyInt_Check(v)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "behavior %s must be int",
b->name);
goto error;
}
r = memcached_behavior_set(self->mc, b->flag, PyInt_AS_LONG(v));
Py_DECREF(v);
if (r != MEMCACHED_SUCCESS) {
PyErr_Format(PylibMCExc_MemcachedError,
"memcached_behavior_set returned %d", r);
goto error;
}
}
}
Py_RETURN_NONE;
error:
return NULL;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_flush_all(PylibMC_Client *self,
PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds) {
memcached_return rc;
time_t expire = 0;
PyObject *time = NULL;
static char *kws[] = { "time", NULL };
if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "|O!", kws,
&PyInt_Type, &time))
return NULL;
if (time != NULL)
expire = PyInt_AS_LONG(time);
expire = (expire > 0) ? expire : 0;
rc = memcached_flush(self->mc, expire);
if (rc != MEMCACHED_SUCCESS)
return PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(self, "delete_multi", rc);
Py_RETURN_TRUE;
}
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_disconnect_all(PylibMC_Client *self) {
memcached_quit(self->mc);
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
/* }}} */
static PyObject *PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(PylibMC_Client *self, const char *what,
memcached_return error) {
if (error == MEMCACHED_ERRNO) {
PyErr_Format(PylibMCExc_MemcachedError,
"system error %d from %s: %s", errno, what, strerror(errno));
} else {
PyErr_Format(PylibMCExc_MemcachedError, "error %d from %s: %s",
error, what, memcached_strerror(self->mc, error));
}
return NULL;
}
/* {{{ Pickling */
static PyObject *_PylibMC_GetPickles(const char *attname) {
PyObject *pickle, *pickle_attr;
pickle_attr = NULL;
/* Import cPickle or pickle. */
pickle = PyImport_ImportModule("cPickle");
if (pickle == NULL) {
PyErr_Clear();
pickle = PyImport_ImportModule("pickle");
}
/* Find attribute and return it. */
if (pickle != NULL) {
pickle_attr = PyObject_GetAttrString(pickle, attname);
Py_DECREF(pickle);
}
return pickle_attr;
}
static PyObject *_PylibMC_Unpickle(const char *buff, size_t size) {
PyObject *pickle_load;
PyObject *retval = NULL;
retval = NULL;
pickle_load = _PylibMC_GetPickles("loads");
if (pickle_load != NULL) {
retval = PyObject_CallFunction(pickle_load, "s#", buff, size);
Py_DECREF(pickle_load);
}
return retval;
}
static PyObject *_PylibMC_Pickle(PyObject *val) {
PyObject *pickle_dump;
PyObject *retval = NULL;
retval = NULL;
pickle_dump = _PylibMC_GetPickles("dumps");
if (pickle_dump != NULL) {
retval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(pickle_dump, val,
PyInt_FromLong(-1), NULL);
Py_DECREF(pickle_dump);
}
return retval;
}
/* }}} */
static int _PylibMC_CheckKey(PyObject *key) {
if (key == NULL) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "key must be given");
return 0;
} else if (!PyString_Check(key)) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "key must be an instance of str");
return 0;
}
return _PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(
PyString_AS_STRING(key), PyString_GET_SIZE(key));
}
static int _PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(char *key, int size) {
if (size > MEMCACHED_MAX_KEY) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "key too long, max is %d",
MEMCACHED_MAX_KEY);
return 0;
}
/* TODO Check key contents here. */
return key != NULL;
}
static PyMethodDef PylibMC_functions[] = {
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};
PyMODINIT_FUNC init_pylibmc(void) {
PyObject *module;
PylibMC_Behavior *b;
char name[128];
if (PyType_Ready(&PylibMC_ClientType) < 0) {
return;
}
module = Py_InitModule3("_pylibmc", PylibMC_functions,
"Hand-made wrapper for libmemcached.\n\
\n\
You ought to look at python-memcached's documentation for now, seeing\n\
as this module is more or less a drop-in replacement, the difference\n\
being in how you connect. Therefore that's documented here::\n\
\n\
c = _pylibmc.client([(_pylibmc.server_type_tcp, 'localhost', 11211)])\n\
\n\
As you see, a list of three-tuples of (type, host, port) is used. If \n\
type is `server_type_unix`, no port should be given. A simpler form \n\
can be used as well::\n\
\n\
c = _pylibmc.client('localhost')\n\
\n\
See libmemcached's memcached_servers_parse for more info on that. I'm told \n\
you can use UNIX domain sockets by specifying paths, and multiple servers \n\
by using comma-separation. Good luck with that.\n\
\n\
Oh, and: plankton.\n");
if (module == NULL) {
return;
}
PylibMCExc_MemcachedError = PyErr_NewException(
"_pylibmc.MemcachedError", NULL, NULL);
Py_INCREF(&PylibMC_ClientType);
PyModule_AddObject(module, "client", (PyObject *)&PylibMC_ClientType);
PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, "server_type_tcp", PYLIBMC_SERVER_TCP);
PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, "server_type_udp", PYLIBMC_SERVER_UDP);
PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, "server_type_unix", PYLIBMC_SERVER_UNIX);
/* Add hasher and distribution constants. */
for (b = PylibMC_hashers; b->name != NULL; b++) {
sprintf(name, "hash_%s", b->name);
PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, name, b->flag);
}
for (b = PylibMC_distributions; b->name != NULL; b++) {
sprintf(name, "distribution_%s", b->name);
PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, name, b->flag);
}
PyModule_AddStringConstant(module,
"libmemcached_version", LIBMEMCACHED_VERSION_STRING);
}

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/**
* _pylibmc: hand-made libmemcached bindings for Python
*
* Copyright (c) 2008, Ludvig Ericson
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of the author nor the names of the contributors may be
* used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef __PYLIBMC_H__
#define __PYLIBMC_H__
#include <Python.h>
#include <libmemcached/memcached.h>
/* Server types. */
#define PYLIBMC_SERVER_TCP (1 << 0)
#define PYLIBMC_SERVER_UDP (1 << 1)
#define PYLIBMC_SERVER_UNIX (1 << 2)
/* Key flags from python-memcache. */
#define PYLIBMC_FLAG_NONE 0
#define PYLIBMC_FLAG_PICKLE (1 << 0)
#define PYLIBMC_FLAG_INTEGER (1 << 1)
#define PYLIBMC_FLAG_LONG (1 << 2)
#define PYLIBMC_INC (1 << 0)
#define PYLIBMC_DEC (1 << 1)
typedef memcached_return (*_PylibMC_SetCommand)(memcached_st *, const char *,
size_t, const char *, size_t, time_t, uint32_t);
/* {{{ Exceptions */
static PyObject *PylibMCExc_MemcachedError;
/* }}} */
/* {{{ Behavior statics */
typedef struct {
int flag;
char *name;
} PylibMC_Behavior;
static PylibMC_Behavior PylibMC_behaviors[] = {
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_NO_BLOCK, "no block" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_TCP_NODELAY, "tcp_nodelay" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_HASH, "hash" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_KETAMA, "ketama" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_DISTRIBUTION, "distribution" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SOCKET_SEND_SIZE, "socket send size" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SOCKET_RECV_SIZE, "socket recv size" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_CACHE_LOOKUPS, "cache_lookups" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SUPPORT_CAS, "support_cas" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_POLL_TIMEOUT, "poll_timeout" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_BUFFER_REQUESTS, "buffer_requests" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SORT_HOSTS, "sort_hosts" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_VERIFY_KEY, "verify_key" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, "connect_timeout" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_RETRY_TIMEOUT, "retry_timeout" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_KETAMA_WEIGHTED, "ketama_weighted" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_KETAMA_HASH, "ketama_hash" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_BINARY_PROTOCOL, "binary_protocol" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SND_TIMEOUT, "snd_timeout" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_RCV_TIMEOUT, "rcv_timeout" },
{ MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_SERVER_FAILURE_LIMIT, "server_failure_limit" },
{ 0, NULL }
};
static PylibMC_Behavior PylibMC_hashers[] = {
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_DEFAULT, "default" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_MD5, "md5" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_CRC, "crc" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_FNV1_64, "fnv1_64" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_FNV1A_64, "fnv1a_64" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_FNV1_32, "fnv1_32" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_FNV1A_32, "fnv1a_32" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_HSIEH, "hsieh" },
{ MEMCACHED_HASH_MURMUR, "murmur" },
{ 0, NULL }
};
static PylibMC_Behavior PylibMC_distributions[] = {
{ MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_MODULA, "modula" },
{ MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_CONSISTENT, "consistent" },
{ MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_CONSISTENT_KETAMA, "consistent_ketama" },
{ 0, NULL }
};
/* }}} */
/* {{{ _pylibmc.client */
typedef struct {
PyObject_HEAD
memcached_st *mc;
} PylibMC_Client;
/* {{{ Prototypes */
static PylibMC_Client *PylibMC_ClientType_new(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *,
PyObject *);
static void PylibMC_ClientType_dealloc(PylibMC_Client *);
static int PylibMC_Client_init(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *arg);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_replace(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_add(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_prepend(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_append(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_delete(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_incr(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_decr(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get_multi(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set_multi(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_delete_multi(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_get_behaviors(PylibMC_Client *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_set_behaviors(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_flush_all(PylibMC_Client *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_Client_disconnect_all(PylibMC_Client *);
static PyObject *PylibMC_ErrFromMemcached(PylibMC_Client *, const char *,
memcached_return);
static PyObject *_PylibMC_Unpickle(const char *, size_t);
static PyObject *_PylibMC_Pickle(PyObject *);
static int _PylibMC_CheckKey(PyObject *);
static int _PylibMC_CheckKeyStringAndSize(char *, int);
/* }}} */
/* {{{ Type's method table */
static PyMethodDef PylibMC_ClientType_methods[] = {
{"get", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_get, METH_O,
"Retrieve a key from a memcached."},
{"set", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_set, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
"Set a key unconditionally."},
{"replace", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_replace, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
"Set a key only if it exists."},
{"add", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_add, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
"Set a key only if doesn't exist."},
{"prepend", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_prepend, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
"Prepend data to a key."},
{"append", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_append, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS,
"Append data to a key."},
{"delete", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_delete, METH_VARARGS,
"Delete a key."},
{"incr", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_incr, METH_VARARGS,
"Increment a key by a delta."},
{"decr", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_decr, METH_VARARGS,
"Decrement a key by a delta."},
{"get_multi", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_get_multi,
METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, "Get multiple keys at once."},
{"set_multi", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_set_multi,
METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, "Set multiple keys at once."},
{"delete_multi", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_delete_multi,
METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, "Delete multiple keys at once."},
{"get_behaviors", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_get_behaviors, METH_NOARGS,
"Get behaviors dict."},
{"set_behaviors", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_set_behaviors, METH_O,
"Set behaviors dict."},
{"flush_all", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_flush_all,
METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, "Flush all data on all servers."},
{"disconnect_all", (PyCFunction)PylibMC_Client_disconnect_all, METH_NOARGS,
"Disconnect from all servers and reset own state."},
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};
/* }}} */
/* {{{ Type def */
static PyTypeObject PylibMC_ClientType = {
PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
0,
"client",
sizeof(PylibMC_Client),
0,
(destructor)PylibMC_ClientType_dealloc,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,
"memcached client type",
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
PylibMC_ClientType_methods,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
(initproc)PylibMC_Client_init,
0,
(newfunc)PylibMC_ClientType_new,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
};
/* }}} */
#endif /* def __PYLIBMC_H__ */

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import pylibmc
import unittest
import pickle
class TestCmemcached(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.mc = pylibmc.Client(["127.0.0.1:11211"])
#self.mc = pylibmc.Client(["127.0.0.1:11211","127.0.0.1:11212", "127.0.0.1:11213", "127.0.0.1:11214", "127.0.0.1:11215"])
def testSetAndGet(self):
self.mc.set("num12345", 12345)
self.assertEqual(self.mc.get("num12345"), 12345)
self.mc.set("str12345", "12345")
self.assertEqual(self.mc.get("str12345"), "12345")
def testDelete(self):
self.mc.set("str12345", "12345")
#delete return True on success, otherwise False
ret = self.mc.delete("str12345")
self.assertEqual(self.mc.get("str12345"), None)
self.assertEqual(ret, True)
ret = self.mc.delete("hello world")
self.assertEqual(ret, False)
def testGetMulti(self):
self.mc.set("a", "valueA")
self.mc.set("b", "valueB")
self.mc.set("c", "valueC")
result = self.mc.get_multi(["a", "b", "c", "", "hello world"])
self.assertEqual(result, {'a':'valueA', 'b':'valueB', 'c':'valueC'})
def testBigGetMulti(self):
count = 10
keys = ['key%d' % i for i in xrange(count)]
pairs = zip(keys, ['value%d' % i for i in xrange(count)])
for key, value in pairs:
self.mc.set(key, value)
result = self.mc.get_multi(keys)
assert result == dict(pairs)
def testFunnyDelete(self):
result= self.mc.delete("")
self.assertEqual(result, False)
def testAppend(self):
self.mc.delete("a")
self.mc.set("a", "I ")
ret = self.mc.append("a", "Do")
print ret
result = self.mc.get("a")
print result
self.assertEqual(result, "I Do")
def testPrepend(self):
self.mc.delete("a")
self.mc.set("a", "Do")
ret = self.mc.prepend("a", "I ")
print ret
result = self.mc.get("a")
print result
self.assertEqual(result, "I Do")
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()

86
pylibmc.py 100644
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"""`python-memcached`-compatible wrapper around `_pylibmc`.
>>> mc = Client(["127.0.0.1"])
>>> b = mc.behaviors
>>> b.keys()
['hash', 'connect timeout', 'cache lookups', 'buffer requests', 'verify key', 'support cas', 'poll timeout', 'no block', 'tcp nodelay', 'distribution', 'sort hosts']
>>> b["hash"]
'default'
>>> b["hash"] = 'fnv1a_32'
>>> mc.behaviors["hash"]
'fnv1a_32'
"""
import _pylibmc
__all__ = ["hashers", "distributions", "Client"]
hashers = {}
distributions = {}
# Not the prettiest way of doing things, but works well.
for name in dir(_pylibmc):
if name.startswith("hash_"):
hashers[name[5:]] = getattr(_pylibmc, name)
elif name.startswith("distribution_"):
distributions[name[13:].replace("_", " ")] = getattr(_pylibmc, name)
hashers_rvs = dict((v, k) for (k, v) in hashers.iteritems())
distributions_rvs = dict((v, k) for (k, v) in distributions.iteritems())
class BehaviorDict(dict):
def __init__(self, client, *args, **kwds):
super(BehaviorDict, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
self.client = client
def __setitem__(self, name, value):
super(BehaviorDict, self).__setitem__(name, value)
self.client.behaviors = self
def update(self, *args, **kwds):
super(BehaviorDict, self).update(*args, **kwds)
self.client.behaviors = self
class Client(_pylibmc.client):
def __init__(self, servers, *args, **kwds):
addr_tups = []
for server in servers:
addr = server
port = 11211
if server.startswith("udp:"):
stype = _pylibmc.server_type_udp
addr = addr[4:]
if ":" in server:
(addr, port) = addr.split(":", 1)
port = int(port)
elif ":" in server:
stype = _pylibmc.server_type_tcp
(addr, port) = server.split(":", 1)
port = int(port)
elif "/" in server:
stype = _pylibmc.server_type_unix
port = 0
else:
stype = _pylibmc.server_type_tcp
addr_tups.append((stype, addr, port))
super(Client, self).__init__(addr_tups)
def get_behaviors(self):
behaviors = super(Client, self).get_behaviors()
behaviors["hash"] = hashers_rvs[behaviors["hash"]]
behaviors["distribution"] = distributions_rvs[behaviors["distribution"]]
return BehaviorDict(self, behaviors)
def set_behaviors(self, behaviors):
# Morph some.
behaviors = behaviors.copy()
if behaviors.get("hash", None) in hashers:
behaviors["hash"] = hashers[behaviors["hash"]]
if behaviors.get("distribution") in distributions:
behaviors["distribution"] = distributions[behaviors["distribution"]]
return super(Client, self).set_behaviors(behaviors)
behaviors = property(get_behaviors, set_behaviors)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()

83
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"""`pylibmc` is a Python wrapper around the accompanying C Python extension
`_pylibmc`, which is a wrapper around `libmemcached` from TangentOrg.
You have to install `libmemcached` separately, and have your compiler and
linker find the include files and libraries.
With `libmemcached` installed and this package set up, the following basic
usage example should work::
>>> import pylibmc
>>> mc = pylibmc.Client(["127.0.0.1:11211"])
>>> mc.set("foo", "Hello world!")
True
>>> mc.get("foo")
'Hello world!'
The API is pretty much `python-memcached`. Some parts of `libmemcached` aren't
exposed yet. I think.
Behaviors
=========
`libmemcached` has ways of telling it how to behave. You'll have to refer to
its documentation on what the different behaviors do.
To change behaviors, quite simply::
>>> mc.behaviors["hash"] = "fnv1a_32"
Comparison to other libraries
=============================
Why use `pylibmc`? Because it's fast.
http://lericson.blogg.se/code/2008/november/pylibmc-051.html
Change Log
==========
New in version 0.6
------------------
Added compatibility with `libmemcached` 0.26, WRT error return codes.
Added `flush_all` and `disconnect_all` methods.
Now using the latest pickling protocol.
New in version 0.5
------------------
Fixed lots of memory leaks, and added support for `libmemcached` 0.23.
Also made the code tighter in terms of compiler pendatics.
New in version 0.4
------------------
Renamed the C module to `_pylibmc`, and added lots of `libmemcached` constants
to it, as well as implemented behaviors.
"""
import os
from distutils.core import setup, Extension
incdirs = []
libdirs = []
if "LIBMEMCACHED_DIR" in os.environ:
libdir = os.path.normpath(os.environ["LIBMEMCACHED_DIR"])
incdirs.append(os.path.join(libdir, "include"))
libdirs.append(os.path.join(libdir, "lib"))
pylibmc_ext = Extension("_pylibmc", ["_pylibmcmodule.c"],
libraries=["memcached"],
include_dirs=incdirs, library_dirs=libdirs)
setup(name="pylibmc", version="0.6.1",
url="http://lericson.blogg.se/code/category/pylibmc.html",
author="Ludvig Ericson", author_email="ludvig.ericson@gmail.com",
license="3-clause BSD <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>",
description="libmemcached wrapper", long_description=__doc__,
ext_modules=[pylibmc_ext], py_modules=["pylibmc"])

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"""Tests. They want YOU!!
Basic functionality.
>>> c = _pylibmc.client([test_server])
>>> c.set("test_key", 123)
True
>>> c.get("test_key")
123
>>> c.get("test_key_2")
>>> c.delete("test_key")
True
>>> c.get("test_key")
>>>
Now this section is because most other implementations ignore zero-keys.
>>> c.get("")
>>> c.set("", "hi")
False
>>> c.delete("")
False
>>>
Multi functionality.
>>> c.set_multi({"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3})
[]
>>> c.get_multi("abc").keys() == ["a", "c", "b"]
True
>>> c.delete_multi("abc")
[]
>>> c.get_multi("abc").keys() == []
True
>>> c.set_multi(dict(zip("abc", "def")), key_prefix="test_")
[]
>>> list(sorted(c.get_multi("abc", key_prefix="test_").iteritems()))
[('a', 'd'), ('b', 'e'), ('c', 'f')]
>>> c.get("test_a")
'd'
>>> c.delete_multi("abc", key_prefix="test_")
[]
>>> bool(c.get_multi("abc", key_prefix="test_"))
False
Zero-key-test-time!
>>> c.get_multi([""])
{}
>>> c.delete_multi([""])
['']
>>> c.set_multi({"": "hi"})
['']
Timed stuff. The reason we, at UNIX times, set it two seconds in the future and
then sleep for >3 is that memcached might round the time up and down and left
and yeah, so you know...
>>> from time import sleep, time
>>> c.set("hi", "steven", 1)
True
>>> c.get("hi")
'steven'
>>> sleep(1.1)
>>> c.get("hi")
>>> c.set("hi", "loretta", int(time()) + 2)
True
>>> c.get("hi")
'loretta'
>>> sleep(3.1)
>>> c.get("hi")
>>>
Now for keys with funny types.
>>> c.set(1, "hi")
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: argument 1 must be string or read-only buffer, not int
>>> c.get(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: key must be an instance of str
>>> c.set_multi({1: True})
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: key must be an instance of str
>>> c.get_multi([1, 2])
Traceback (most recent call last)